Are Your Loan Officers Employees or Independent Contractors

Many mortgage lenders/brokers treat their loanher as an independent contractor, that is not
officers (who are their salespersons) asbinding on any federal or state agency.
independent contractors. Those loan officers areIf you have been treating your loan officers as
paid on a commission based on the successfulindependent contractors, when in reality, they
funding of a loan. The mortgage lenders/brokerspass the 20 factor test as employees, what are
pay the loan officers either as each transactionthe ramifications? If the Internal Revenue Service
closes or on a periodic basis. The amount paid toor Department of Labor find you have
the loan officer contains no deduction for federal,misclassified employees, they will require you to
state or local taxes. Frequently, the loan officerpay back withholding taxes plus interest, or they
does not receive any benefits, such ascan assess fines that can bankrupt a company, or
company-paid health insurance or paid sick oreven file criminal charges against the owners.
vacation time. At the end of each year, theOnce the IRS has come in, other federal and
mortgage lenders/brokers issue IRS Form 1099sstate agencies follow right behind them and
to their loan officers.assess their fines and penalties as well. If there is
As a mortgage lender/broker, you cannot classifyanything left, the loan officer can sue for
whether your loan officers are independentunemployment compensation, retirement benefits,
contractors or employees. That task has beenprofit sharing, vacation pay, disability or any other
given to the Internal Revenue Service, the U.S.benefit that he/she would have received as an
Department of Labor, your state unemploymentemployee. Many mortgage companies have gone
insurance agency, your state department of laborout of business because they treated many of
and your state workers compensation insurancetheir loan officers as independent contractors and
agency. Although each agency has its owndid not comply with wage-and-hour laws
guidelines, typically the determination turns on theHow does the Internal Revenue Service or
degree of control that the mortgage lenderDepartment of Labor find out about you? Usually,
broker exercises and the degree of independencea dismissed loan officer will file for unemployment
that the loan officer enjoys. When the mortgagebenefits or a disgruntled loan officer will make a
lender/broker has the right to dictate what will betelephone call to the agency. And the agency will
done and how it will be done, then the loan officeralways follow up.
is an employee. The government agencies look atYou should also be aware that the agency that
facts concerning the behavioral control of the loanapproved your lender/broker license considers the
officer, the financial control of the loan officer andloan officers to be employees because you have
the relationship between the mortgage lenderresponsibility for their actions. Although some
broker and the loan officer. The Internal Revenuestates do not require that the loan officers be
Service has a 20 factor test to determineW-2 employees, they will not care how you
whether an employer/employee relationshipclassify the loan officer who is in regulatory hot
exists. Such factors include whether the loanwater. The Banking Departments are concerned
officer has to comply with instructions, getsthat your company supervises the people
training from the mortgage lender/broker, worksoperating under the auspices of your license. This
exclusively for the mortgage lender/broker,requires that you supervise the activities of your
whether the loan officer can independently hireloan officers regardless of whether you pay them
assistants, whether the loan officer has set hoursas employees or as independent contractors.
of work, whether there is a continuing relationship,After all, you are responsible for any violations of
and whether regular reports must be given to athe mortgage lender/broker law, rules and policies
supervisor. The IRS seems to have a biascommitted by anyone, including a loan originator,
towards finding an employer-employee relationship.operating under your license. Therefore, it's in
Even if the mortgage lender/broker has a writtenyour best interests to supervise them.
agreement with the loan officer classifying him