Duty of Disclosure

So whilst the insurer should ask sensible questionshave been expected to know that it was material.
it is under UK law still incumbent of the insured toThe courts however considered that an insured
advise a material fact. A material fact is basicallywhose doctor had sent him to the hospital for a
any fact which may make an insurer chargekidney problem should have advised his insurer
more or less premium or a fact which may makeeven if the insured was not aware how serious
the insurer decline or accept the risk or only takethe situation might have been at the time. The
the risk subject to additional conditions.question of materiality was not based on the
As an insured you can not hide a material factinsured’s ability to judge if the fact was
simply because the insurer did not ask the rightmaterial but on that of the life insurance insurer
question. So initially the onus is on you to providewho had access to professional advice. In this
all relevant information. However the law is alsocase the insured knew of the fact and we
there to protect you as well.assume also considered that it might be material,
There have been several agreements betweenbut decided to use his judgment on whether or
the major life insurance insurers and governingnot it was material.
bodies and trade associations whereby insurersAnother court case determined that the
are required to point out your obligations toinformation is based on the insured’s
advise material facts. Insurers are expected toknowledge and does not require him to make
ask questions about those matters which haveextensive investigation before answering the
commonly proved to be material. Generally courtsquestion. The duty of disclosure continues until the
would not expect you to disclose a fact which oncontract of insurance is concluded. So information
the face of it would not be considered material onthat you learn about whilst the proposal form is
its own.still being considered should be advised. So as a
There was a case where a person was havinggeneral rule advise all details which could be
occasional headaches but thought they were justmaterial. It is not your job to decide what might
that and did not attribute anything else to theor might not be material. If you learn of
matter. Now an experienced doctor may considersomething late in the day before the contract is
the headaches as perhaps the possible on set ofconcluded then still advise it. If you do not then
symptoms of a more serious nature andthe risk is that the policy may not be valid and if
therefore request further investigation. But in thata claim was presented it may not get paid.
particular case the court held that the insured hadThis article does not represent ‘financial
no reason to believe the worse. He had no reasonadvice’ as each persons individual
to believe that these headaches might be arequirements will be unique to their needs. If there
material fact instead he thought that they wereis something in the article which you which to rely
just an occasional headache. The court held that aon then please check those details with any
reasonable man would not be expected to knowperson from whom you purchase a term life
that the occasional headache might be material.policy at the time of purchase.
So the insured knew of the fact but would not