How to Deal With Short Sale "Promissory Notes" and Foreclosure "Deficiency Judgments"

Every homeowner who is looking to short saleauctions).
their property should be asking the followingThe second reason why we advocate SS is that
question: "Will I have to pay the bank thepromissory notes and deficiency judgments
difference between what I owe and the finalbefore and after the sale are, for the most part,
sales price of my property?" The answer to thisnegotiable. In many cases, the deficiency owed
is both yes and no. Don't worry, I'll make it simplecan be negotiated to a percentage (ie. 10% of a
for you to understand.Bank of America HELOC loan) or sometimes
#1: Let's define terms:completely waived. The lender may forgive the
Foreclosure Deficiency Judgment: A deficiencybalance in exchange for a small pay off or an
judgment is a lien against the borrower whoseaffordable payment arrangement with the
foreclosure does not produce sufficient funds toborrower. This largely depends on two factors: 1.
pay the mortgage in full. It is an actual judgment,The strength of the negotiator 2. Lender policy
that is, you are being sued. Thus, the borrower isand type of loan. Sometimes, it is even possible
liable to pay the difference between what theyto have the buyer pay the difference!
owe and what the property sells for, whetherAgain, should the lender reserve the right to
during the sale or during auction. The option topursue a deficiency, at least you have a SS on
pursue the borrower is only available if the lenderyour credit report vs. a foreclosure. Keep in mind
proceeds with a Judicial Foreclosure (basically, thethat it is rare for the lender to actually pursue the
lender sues you for the difference). Keep in minddeficiency and therefore the unsecured note will
that in a Non-Judicial Foreclosure, the juniormost likely be replaced with a 1099 issued by the
lienholder can still pursue a deficiency judgment inIRS for the taxes owed on the sale. You will want
many states. All of this can be determined basedto explore the Mortgage Forgiveness Debt Relief
on original loan documents and/or the type of loanAct of 2007 to verify whether you are exempt
lender.from this tax.
Deficiencies as Unsecured Notes: Deficiencies areIn addition, if the remaining deficiency is pursued
realized when the short sale does not produceby the lender, the deficient amount can, even
sufficient funds to pay the mortgage in full.after the SS, be negotiated down further with
Deficiencies are typically:a. Waived in exchange forthe assistance of an experienced debt
a pay offb. Accounted for via promissory notenegotiations specialist. Keep in mind, there are
for the deficient balance or percentage of thesituations where the lender will absolutely not allow
balancec. Collected after the sale as unsecureda SS unless the homeowner signs a promissory
notes, that is, they will not be able to secure thenote for the full amount of the difference. We
lien against your other assets (since you'vehave recently discovered that BECU will not
already sold the collateral property) unless theyapprove a majority of their SS unless the
actually sue you. Again, unless the lender/PMIhomeowner signs a promissory note for the full
collections agency sues you in court and actuallyamount (our team has, however, been able to
files a "deficiency judgment" against you, the notenegotiate these down to a fraction of the
shall remain unsecured. For the most part, lendersdeficiency).
will not sue their borrowers as it is more costlyIn these situations, I strongly suggest hiring a
for them to do so then to keep in unsecured.professional short sale negotiator to aggressively
Lenders often "reserve the right to pursue thenegotiate the balance before the SS as much as
deficiency," but what typically ends up happeningpossible, then having a debt negotiation specialist
is that the unsecured note most likely ends uppick up the tab after the SS. You will want to
being substituted with a 1099 (tax on sale) forexplore these options before considering to file
the deficient balance (which they will charge off),for BK.
which most homeowners are exempt from#3: Finally, let me answer this question in the
(Mortgage Forgiveness Debt Relief Act of 2007).simple terms: "On a SS, will I have to pay the
I Think I`ve Been Hit With an Invoice for thebank the difference between what I owe and the
Deficiency/ I think I've Been Sued for afinal sales price of my property?"
Deficiency Judgment: No need to fret. There areYes: As we discussed earlier, the lender may ask
experienced debt negotiation specialists who canyou to pay the difference in the form of a
help significantly reduce and ultimately eliminatepromissory note and will not allow a SS unless a
unsecured notes and deficiency judgmentsnote for the full amount is signed by the
whether it was incurred via short sale orborrower or the "right to reserve to pursue a
foreclosure.deficiency" is outlined in a statement signed by
Promissory Note: A promissory note is also anyou. In these situations, again, it may be in your
unsecured note and a contract between thebest interest to have your SS negotiator bring
lender and borrower where the borrower agreesdown the balance as much as possible before the
to pay the difference (or a percentage of theSS, then to have a debt negotiation specialist
difference) between the amount owed and thenegotiate the balance even further after the SS
sales price of the property. This is usually(if the deficiency is actually pursued by the lender
presented during the sale and can only bepmi/collections agency).
enforced if the borrower agrees in writing. TheseNo: It is possible, in a short sale, to negotiate the
notes are also negotiable after the sale.deficiency owed down to a percentage that can
#2: Let me explain why you are better offbe paid or to even waive the liability completely.
avoiding foreclosure.What this means is that, say, if you owe
In Washington state, a majority of foreclosures$500,000 to your lender but your property sells
will be non-judicial, meaning that the lender will notfor $350,000, a strong negotiator may be able to
be able to pursue you, the borrower, for aget the lender to settle at $350,000 and not
deficiency judgment. However, in other states, aspursue the deficiency with the homeowner (in
well as some WA. based lenders (ie. BECU) doexchange for a pay off or sometimes a payment
proceed with judicial foreclosures and borrowersarrangement with the borrower). That means the
may be liable to pay a deficiency judgment.homeowner will be able to walk away from their
The number one reason why we advocateSS (although they may owe the IRS a tax for
pursuing a short sale vs. a foreclosure, is that athe difference, which most homeowners are
foreclosure (regardless of whether it is aeligible for exemption under the Mortgage
non-judicial or judicial foreclosure), will prevent youForgiveness Debt Relief Act of 2007). A
from obtaining a mortgage for a minimum of 5negotiator will accomplish this by demonstrating to
years, in addition to extensive damage to yourthe lender what their losses will be in the event
credit, whereas a SS will have far less damage tothat you, the borrower, allow the property to go
your credit in that most borrowers will be able tointo foreclosure or if you file for bankruptcy. The
obtain a mortgage after 2 years of conducting anegotiator will argue that it is in their best interest
SS. Also, the deficiency (or tax consequences) into proceed with the SS, and will present all the
the event of foreclosure, if is collectable, will bemarket data, financial comparison sheet, etc. in
significantly higher than in a SS (since propertiesorder to make a strong case.
sell at extremely discounted prices at foreclosure