Mitigating Fraud Through Company Hiring Practices

er of the fraud cases included in the AssociationHiring Decisions
of Certified Fraud Examiners 2008 Report to theSome additional actions that you can take during
Nation on Occupational Fraud and Abuse reportedthe hiring process- beyond references, criminal
losses of over $1 million- the median loss incurredand other background checks, would be to look
by companies in the study was $175 000. Anyoneinto the validity of the information presented to
is capable of committing fraud, however,you by all applicants. The ACFE article "Developing
according to the Association of Certified Frauda Strategy to Fight Fraud" by Andrew Durant
Examiners, fraud is much more likely to occur bystates that in addition to a criminal background
those in accounting and upper managementcheck, employers should also conduct the
positions. In many cases, fraud activities arefollowing inquiries:
conducted by first time offenders. This makes- Confirm name and address of applicants
the hiring process more challenging, as you cannot- Confirm educational qualifications
make any assumptions of future behavior based- Check membership of professional bodies
on examples from the employee's past actions.- Confirm employment history
With this in mind, many of the precautionary- Check financial status
steps taken during the hiring process- reference- Confirm directorships held and any
checks, background checks and interviews, aredisqualifications
only the start of an ongoing process in the fight- Media and Internet search
against workplace fraud.Observing Employee Behaviour
Characteristics of FraudOne of the easiest ways to determine if
A study by the ACFE states that only 7% ofsomething strange is happening is to look for
those caught committing workplace fraud hadchanges in employee behaviour. Hubert Klein, a
prior convictions and just 12% had beenpartner in the litigation and valuation group at
terminated previously by an employer forAmper, Politziner & Mattia states that "in addition
fraudulent conduct. There are manyto behavioral changes—use of drugs or alcohol,
misconceptions about the more common typesgambling, or a sudden change in lifestyle (either
of fraud that take place at work. With theliving beyond one’s needs or economic
headlines filled with reports involving major ponzidistress)—there are other signs an employee
schemes and million dollar bribery scandals, manymight be committing fraud." Here are some of the
people forget how much companies lose due towarning signs, recommended by Klein, in the
the presence of small scale fraud in theSHRM article "Fraud by Employees Is Common,
workplace. However, there is no set list ofDifficult to Detect", that one should pay attention
characteristics that one can possess that signalto:
whether or not they will end up committing fraud-- They often operate in “crisis” or “fire
just as not act of fraud will ever be exactly thedrill” mode, like the accounts receivable clerk
same. One of the misconceptions regarding fraudwho “always seems to come up with excuses
is that it always involves big schemes and shouldabout why a large payment due was misapplied
be easy to detect.to a different customer account,” Klein said.
Preston Ricardo, a partner at Golenbock Eiseman- They never take days off for fear that their
Assor Bell & Peskoe in New York states that:fraud could be discovered, or they might resign
“They (the fraud activities) typically start smallunexpectedly or abruptly when they believe that
and grow in scale and complexity as time passesthey can no longer conceal the fraud. “The
and the thefts go undetected. In addition, studiesworst employee is one who is there 365 days a
have shown that almost half of fraud cases areyear, because it takes a lot of mental energy to
committed by two or more people workingperpetrate and conceal the fraud,” Klein said.
together, either internally or with someone outside- They have pressure to meet certain financial
the company. Fraud is most prevalent intargets on the job or in their personal lives.
companies with fewer than 100 employees.”