| Q. Are Health Care Fraud Crimes prosecuted in | | | | fraudulent claims. Signing a fraudulent bill or claim |
| New Jersey as regular theft crimes? | | | | alone may serve a proof. |
| They may be, New Jersey law now has a set of | | | | Q. Does it Matter How Much Money is Stolen? |
| statutes specifically aimed at health care claims | | | | It doesn't matter. No matter what the amount of |
| fraud. The idea is that these crimes have a | | | | the claim or benefit is, unless when it is de |
| broader scope and carry much more severe | | | | minimis, New Jersey health care fraud is a second |
| penalties than regular theft crimes. Also, the | | | | degree crime. |
| threshold of prove is significantly lower, so | | | | Q. What Should the State prove to obtain |
| prosecutors have much easier time proving their | | | | conviction? To convict a defendant in a New |
| cases. As of now, New Jersey health care fraud | | | | Jersey health care fraud case, prosecutors must |
| is a crime in the second degree that carries up to | | | | prove: |
| 10 years imprisonment along with hefty fines. In | | | | 1. That the defendant was a practitioner; |
| addition, of course, one may be charged and | | | | 2. That the defendant made false, fraudulent, or |
| indicted with any other fraud and theft offense | | | | misleading statement of material fact in, or |
| besides the health care fraud charge. | | | | omitted a material fact from any record, bill, claim |
| Q. Who is the "medical care practitioner" that may | | | | or other document, in writing, electronically or in |
| be charged with New Jersey health care fraud? | | | | any other from; |
| According to N.J.S.A. 2C:21-4.2, "practitioner" is | | | | 3. That the defendant attempted to submit, |
| anyone licensed in New Jersey or any other | | | | submitted, caused to be submitted, or attempted |
| jurisdiction to practice medicine and surgery, | | | | to cause to be submitted the record, bill or claim |
| chiropractic, podiatry, dentistry, optometry, | | | | for payment or reimbursement for health care |
| psychology, pharmacy, nursing, physical therapy, | | | | services; and |
| or law; and any other person licensed, registered | | | | 4. That the defendant acted knowingly. |
| or certified by any State agency to practice a | | | | Q. What are financial consequences of a |
| profession or occupation in the State of New | | | | conviction on a defendant? |
| Jersey. | | | | If convicted, the practitioner may be ordered to |
| Q. What exactly is "health care fraud" in New | | | | pay a fine of up to five times the financial benefit |
| Jersey? | | | | obtained or sought to be obtained. That, of |
| N.J.S.A. 2C:21-4.2. defines "health care claims fraud" | | | | course, doesn't count prison time. |
| as making, or causing to be made, a false, | | | | Q. What if the practitioner committed Health Care |
| fictitious, fraudulent, or misleading statement of | | | | Claims Fraud without knowledge? |
| material fact in, or omitting a material fact from, | | | | According to N.J.S.A. 2C:21-4.3(b), if the |
| or causing a material fact to be omitted from, | | | | practitioner recklessly commits the health care |
| any record, bill, claim or other document, in | | | | crime without actual knowledge, he or may be |
| writing, electronically or in any other form, that a | | | | guilty of a third-degree crime. The question is |
| person attempts to submit, submits, causes to be | | | | what is considered "recklessly". The statute |
| submitted, or attempts to cause to be submitted | | | | defines that as "conscious disregard of a |
| for payment or reimbursement for health care | | | | substantial and unjustifiable risk that the material |
| services. | | | | element exists or will result from his or her |
| Q. May New Jersey Health Care Fraud be | | | | conduct." The state must prove that the risk was |
| Inferred? | | | | such a that the practitioner's disregard of it was a |
| Yes. As a matter of fact, the statute entitles | | | | gross deviation from the standard of conduct |
| court to infer in certain cases that medical | | | | that a reasonable person would observe in the |
| practitioner committed fraud. That normally has to | | | | defendant's situation. |
| do with making false statements or submitting | | | | |